Lactobacillus bulgaricus

What is Lactobacillus bulgaricus?

Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) is a beneficial strain of lactic acid producing bacteria that acts as a probiotic to support gut health and lactose digestion. This bacterium is regularly used within the production of cheeses and yogurt as it ferments lactose into lactic acid, which helps preserve dairy and provides the characteristic yogurt flavour.

Health Benefits:

Supports Digestive Health

L. bulgaricus has been shown to support digestive health through the production of lactic acid, which can reduce pH levels within the gut. This makes the gut environment more acidic and less suitable for pathogens, preventing their overgrowth and helping to maintain a balanced gut microbiota. This is supported by research that conducted microbiota profiling and found associations between L. bulgaricus and increased short-chain fatty acid-producing genera (e.g., Lachnospira, Parabacteroides) alongside the suppression of pro-inflammatory taxa.

May Contribute to Immune Function

It has also been proposed that L. bulgaricus may contribute to healthy immune function, helping the body fight infections and protecting long term health. In mice, exopolysaccharides derived from yogurt fermented with L. bulgaricus was shown to have an immunostimulatory effect and activate natural killer cells, which are key to destroying harmful infected or tumorous cells. Additionally, research indicates that L. bulgaricus may enhance immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G responses, further evidencing the potential value of this probiotic for supporting immunity.

Can Support Gut Barrier Integrity

Gut barrier integrity is key for preventing the development of a "leaky gut," where there is increased intestinal permeability and toxins and bacteria can enter the bloodstream from the intestine. Having a leaky gut is associated with systemic inflammation, digestive discomfort (e.g. bloating and constipation) and skin conditions such as eczema. L. bulgaricus may be capable of supporting gut barrier integrity and reducing unwanted gut permeability. For example, one study found that treatment with lactic acid producing bacteria including L. bulgaricus could prevent a decrease in the expression and disassembly of tight junctions, which are key to preventing a leaky gut and maintaining a controlled gut permeability.

Typical Use:

L. bulgaricus is widely recognised for its essential role as a starter culture for traditional yoghurt and is often used in combination with Streptococcus thermophilus. L. bulgaricus contributes to the flavour, texture, and acidity of yoghurt.

This bacterium is also used as an ingredient within capsule or powder form probiotic supplements designed to support digestive health and immunity. Within such products, L. bulgaricus is regularly paired with other Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains.